Projecting sphere onto plane {zenithal projection} can use plane tangent to sphere.
Projecting sphere onto plane {central projection, mapping} {gnomic projection} can use zenithal projection with projection center at sphere center.
Projecting sphere onto plane {orthographic projection, zenithal} can use zenithal projection with projection center at infinite distance. Orthographic projection preserves either equivalent angles or areas. Mapmaker can choose to keep equivalent areas or equivalent directions but cannot choose both.
Projecting sphere onto plane {stereographic projection, map} can use zenithal projection with projection center at opposite end of diameter at tangent.
Projecting sphere onto plane {normal projection} can use plane tangent at equator.
Projecting sphere onto plane {oblique projection, zenithal} can use plane tangent to sphere at point that is neither at pole nor on equator. Pole can be not at map center.
Projecting sphere onto plane {polar projection} can use plane tangent at pole. Pole can be at map center {transverse projection} or offset from center.
3-Geometry-Projections-Sphere To Plane
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Date Modified: 2022.0225